This is the same as the Federal lease bond referred to in 30 CFR 742.11 (a). ( t) Licensee means the holder of an exploration license. ( u) License to mine means a license issued under the provisions of part 3440 to mine coal for domestic use. ( v) Logical Mining Unit has the meaning set forth in § 3480.0–5 (a) (22) of this title.

@article{osti_7277157, title = {Economic system analysis of coal preconversion technology: phase I. Volume III. Surface coal mining methods and equipment. Interim report for the period August 1973--July 1975}, author = {}, abstractNote = {This report presents background information on present mining methods, operations, equipment and …

Open-pit mining and reclamation damage the land, resulting in unknown and significant changes to the regional ecology and ecosystem services. Surface mining restoration procedures necessitate a significant amount of money, typically at an unclear cost. Due to temporal and regional variability, few studies have focused on the …

The surface coal mining application sections applicable to water supplies will require minor revisions to reflect the regulatory changes. This will be done in conjunction with the MRAB at a later date. The form regarding the Abandonment of Water Supply Agreement will be revised to remove the ''de minimis'' language. A new form, Model Water ...

As used in this chapter, the following terms have the specified meanings, except where otherwise indicated: Acid drainage means water with a pH of less than 6.0 and in which total acidity exceeds total alkalinity, discharged from an active, inactive or abandoned surface coal mine and reclamation operation or from an area affected by surface coal mining …

Surface mining is the process of removing soil and rock materials overlying the coal seam (overburden) to access the coal for removal (Skousen and Zipper, 2021). …

Apex offers comprehensive mining engineering, evaluation, and permitting services for surface coal mines, underground coal mines, and stone quarries. We pride ourselves on providing insightful solutions and advice that takes practical account of your specific circumstances. With some of the most skilled and experienced professionals in the ...

Consistent with 30 U.S.C. 1260(b)(6)(C), the Kentucky amendment provides in section 4(2) of both Kentucky regulations that if "the conveyance does not expressly grant the right to extract the coal by surface mining methods," then he or she may submit "documentation that under applicable state law, the applicant has the legal authority to ...

Surface-strip coal mining can disturb landscapes extensively, typically affecting ten times more land than that affected by underground coal mining (Tongway and Ludwig, 2011). Surface mines have a disturbance potential that is unmatched by any other human activity, except for urban development. Surface-strip coal mining may involve the use of

SMCRA means the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended. State regulatory authority means the department or agency in each State which has primary responsibility at the State level for administering the initial or permanent State regulatory program. Surface coal mining operations mean—

The purpose of this document is to aid coal-mining applicants and Regulatory Authorities (RAs) in understanding the options and protocols associated with assuring compliance with 1996 the Biological Opinion (BO) on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (PL-95-87) (SMCRA).

Abstract. Surface coal mining accounts for about 40% of global coal production, and is notorious for its myriad environmental problems and associated social …

Coal-associated habitats (e.g., coalbeds, coal mines, and spoil heaps) are highly complex ecosystems that support a wide array of microbial life and …

30 Navajo Mine / Bisti Fuels Company LLC Surface New Mexico 5,284,406 31 Gibson South / Gibson County Coal, LLC Underground Indiana 5,255,627 32 No 7 Mine / Warrior Met Coal Mining, LLC Underground Alabama 4,755,684 33 Mine No. 1 / Hamilton County Coal, LLC Underground Illinois 4,693,251 34 Deer Run Mine / Patton Mining LLC …

Office of Surface Mining, Denver, Colorado. 186 p. Bjugstad, A.J. 1984. Shrub and Tree Establishment on Coal Spoils in Northern High Plains. pp 223-236. In: Proceedings of the Third Biennial Symposium on Surface Coal Mine Reclamation on the Great Plains. Available from the Reclamation Research Unit. Montana State University. Bozeman. 371 p.

surface coal mining activities. 2.2. OCE2 – Practical open cut operations . This paper will deal with the interpretation and application of mining and engineering principles together with relevant aspects of mining legislation. You will be expected to have knowledge of safe working procedures and the causes and prevention of mine incidents.

Surface coal mining in the steep terrain of the central Appalachian coalfields includes: auger mining. scattered areas of eastern Tennessee. removing parts or all of mountaintops to expose buried seams of coal, and. "interburden" (rock between coal seams). Overburden and interburden are disposed of in adjacent valleys because the …

The mining sector is one of the leading sectors where work accidents are most intense because of the constant change of work environment and heavy working conditions. The losses and the halt of production after the accident negatively affect productivity and production efficiency. It has been found that there are very few studies on the use of …

(225 ILCS 720/1.02) (from Ch. 96 1/2, par. 7901.02) Sec. 1.02. Legislative Declaration. (a) It is declared to be the policy of this State to provide for conservation and reclamation of lands affected by surface and underground coal mining in order to restore them to optimum future productive use and to provide for their return to productive use including but not …

Surface mining is a popular form of mining that means extracting minerals from near the surface of the Earth. Surface mining accounts for around 90% of the rock and mineral resources mined in the U.S. In fact, more than 60% of the nation's coal is produced by surface mining techniques. This is because removing the soil and overburden at the ...

27 Volume VI - Mine Land Planning 28 Conclusion 28 Appendices A. State and Federal Strip Mine Regulation in the Eastern and Midwestern Coal-producing States 33 B. State Surface Mine Reclamation Control Laws and Responsible Agencies 55 C. EPA Manuals Related to Environmental Control for Surface Coal Mining 59 D. Major Functions of the …

We, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE), are announcing receipt of a proposed regulatory and statutory amendment to the Wyoming coal program (Wyoming program) under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA or the Act). On March 2, 2016 the Wyoming...

This part 77 sets forth mandatory safety standards for bituminous, anthracite, and lignite surface coal mines, including open pit and auger mines, and to the surface work areas of underground coal mines, pursuant to section 101(i) of …

• The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement was created in 1977 when Congress enacted the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. • OSMRE institutes nationwide programs to protect society and the environment from the potential adverse effects of surface coal mining operations.

Coal mining has contributed to a solid and stable global economy. Surface mining and underground mining are the principal methods for extraction of coal worldwide and given the developments in ...

All operators of coal mining operations subject to the provisions of this chapter shall pay to the Secretary of the Interior, for deposit in the fund, a reclamation fee of 28 cents per ton of coal produced by surface coal mining and 12 cents per ton of coal produced by underground mining or 10 per centum of the value of the coal at the mine, as ...

There are 12 major coal fields in the western fields), as shown in Figure 11.9-1. Together, they coal reserves 2 in The the 12 United coal fields States. have varying fugitive dust …

See 30 CFR 715.17 (d) (3) and 717.17 (d), as published at 42 FR 62639, 62686, 62697 (Dec. 13, 1977). We stated that we adopted that rule as a means ''to protect stream channels from abnormal erosion" from nearby upslope mining activities. However, that rule, which applies only to the now-limited subset of surface coal mining and ...

Abstract. This survey of recommended methods, techniques and alternatives for selecting and designing surface coal mining systems is based on a review and evaluation of …

The post-1977 active surface coal mining industry can be at times noncommittal to accepting the new techniques of the Forestry Reclamation Approach despite the proven economic and ecological benefits. Utilizing the FRA techniques, mine owners would save money in the early stages of the project, potentially get to bond …