chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine) salts and trivalent thallic (Tl3+) salts, which are water-soluble and highly toxic. When exposed to air, this metal oxidizes, …

PRODUCT IDENTITY AND USES 1.1 Identity The chemical names, chemical formula and CAS numbers of thallium and of some thallium compounds are given in Table 1. 1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties Thallium is a soft and malleable heavy metal with a bluish-white colour. Its relative molecular mass is 204.283.

[2–4] Despite this, thallium poisoning persists in developing countries, including China, primarily as a result of criminal actions. [5–7] Thallium salts are extensively absorbed …

Until the beginning of the 20th century, thallium had widely been used in medicine for treating ringworms on scalps, tuberculosis, malaria, venereal diseases, and even longer until the sixties of the 20th century, Tl salts had been employed as rodenticides and insecticides (Nriagu 1998; Kazantzis 2000).Nowadays, thallium has found …

Thallium (Tl), chemical element, metal of main Group 13 (IIIa, or boron group) of the periodic table, poisonous and of limited commercial value. ... predominantly forms singly charged thallium salts having thallium in …

Thallium is a tasteless, odorless, and water-soluble chemical element for which both accidental intoxication and criminal poisoning have been reported. The occupational exposure limit for thallium is 0.1 …

THALLIUM: ICSC: 0077: PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL INFORMATION; Physical State; Appearance BLUISH-WHITE VERY SOFT METAL. TURNS GREY ON EXPOSURE TO AIR. ... Thallium salts may have different toxicological properties. See ICSCs 0336 and 1221. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION EC Classification Symbol: T+; R: 26/28-33-53; S: …

Thallium (Tl) has been identified to be an environmentally significant element because . of its toxicity. It is considered one of the most toxic heavy metals. The minimum lethal dose of soluble thallium salts is estimated to be 0.7 g to 1.1 g for adults with a body mass of 70 kg or 10 mg/kg to 15 mg/kg of body mass. 1. Thallium is considered a

KINETICS 6.1 Absorption by route of exposure The water-soluble salts of thallium (sulphate, acetate and carbonate) are more rapidly absorbed from the gut that the less water-soluble forms (sulphide and iodide). after ingestion of thallium sulphate, thallium can be detected in urine and faeces within one hour (Lund, 1956a, 1956b; Moeschlin, 1980).

Nano zero-valent manganese (nZVMn, Mn 0) was prepared through a borohydride reduction method and coupled with different oxidants (persulfate (S 2 O 8 2−), hypochlorite (ClO −), or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2)) to remove thallium (Tl) from wastewater.The surface of Mn 0 was readily oxidized to form a core-shell composite …

Thallium is a soft, malleable, grayish post-transition metal. It can be cut with a knife at room temperature. It melts at a low temperature, 304 °C. This is typical of a post-transition metal. Thallium has 25 isotopes and two stable (non radioactive) ones. It is extremely toxic .

Commercial and consumer use of thallium as a rodenticide or insecticide was banned in the United States and most other countries by 1975. A few countries, such as Russia and China, continue to use thallium commercially as a rat poison. Thallium enters the environment primarily from coal-burning power plants, smelters, and cement factories.

In the past, thallium salts were used to treat syphilis, gonorrhoea, tuberculosis and ringworm (tinea corporis). Other uses were as a hair removal agent for excess hair and in formulations as rat poison and ant killer. However in the early 1930s numerous cases of thallium poisoning, with some causing death were being reported. By the mid ...

Thallium concentrations in the Lanmuchang area in southwestern Guizhou Province, China ranged from 100 to 35,000 mg kg −1 in sulphide ores and from 12 to 46 mg kg −1 in coals. Secondary minerals, ... This is an issue of major concern, since thallium salts are now considered to be among the most toxic known compounds.

Thallium. Shayne C. Gad, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Second Edition), 2005 Toxicokinetics. Thallium and thallium salts are readily absorbed by virtually all routes, with gastrointestinal exposure being the most common route to produce toxicity. Thallium also crosses the placenta freely. Thallium enters cells by a unique process governed by its …

Thallium. CAS No. . ... Since thallium salts are colorless, odorless, and tasteless, the potential for undetected malevolent use exists. Severe accidental thallium poisonings from ingesting of rat poisons that contained water-soluble thallium salt have occurred. Relatively high-dose intentional or accidental ingestion can …

Pure thallium is a bluish-white metal that is found in trace amounts in the earth's crust. In the past, thallium was obtained as a by-product from smelting other metals; however, it has not been produced in the United States since 1984. Currently, all the thallium is obtained from imports and from thallium reserves.. In its pure form, thallium is odorless and …

Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic trace metal posing a significant threat to human health. Tl pollution in soils and chronic Tl poisoning related to Tl-rich sulfides weathering in the Lanmuchang mine of southwest Guizhou province, China, have been intensively studied in recent years. And yet, there are few studies on the role of secondary sulfate minerals …

The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information

2. Thallium Chemistry and Properties. Thallium (Tl; atomic number 81) is located between mercury and lead in the periodic table of elements and belongs to the metals of main Group 13 (IIIA, or boron group). Tl is a bluish-white heavy metal, and is ductile, malleable, shiny, with a density of 11.85 g/cm 3 ( Table 1 ).

Thallium. Shayne C. Gad, in Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences, 2023 Toxicokinetics (ADME) Thallium and thallium salts are readily absorbed by virtually all routes, with gastrointestinal exposure being the most common route to produce toxicity. Thallium also crosses the placenta freely. Thallium enters cells by a unique process …

Thallium Use, Toxicity, and Detoxification Therapy: ... (Switzerland), Guizhou Province (China) and Kavadarci (Macedonia). Thallium naturally accumulates in the environment where human activity is present, such as in the copper mines of El Loa (Chile). ... salts and trivalent thallic (Tl3+) salts, which are water-soluble and highly toxic. …

Cyanide and potentially toxic elements in tailings from gold mining can cause serious pollution, and harm the surrounding environment through rainfall seepage and leakage from tailings ponds. In this study, 40 surface soil samples were collected from the Liujiadian tailings pond basin in Pinggu District, Beijing, and the contents of cyanide, Sb, …

In 2019, global production of thallium was estimated to be less than 8,000 kilograms. China, Kazakhstan, and Russia were thought to be leading producers of primary …

ToxFAQs™ for Thallium. Spanish: Talio. CAS#: . PDF Version [137 KB] This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about thallium. For more information, you may call the ATSDR Information Center at 1-800-232-4636. This fact sheet is one in a series of summaries about hazardous substances and their health effects.

Guodong Sheng e Add to Mendeley https://doi/10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.076 Get rights and content Under a Creative …

Symptoms of thallium toxicity are diverse in both humans and animals. The nervous system as a target organ of thallium is supported by observations from human case reports and animal studies. Relatively high doses of thallium caused neurological symptoms in humans (e.g., paresthesia of the hands and feet, weakness, tremors, coma, and convulsions).

China is poised to test a thorium-powered nuclear reactor in September, the world's first since 1969. The theory is that this new molten-salt technology will be "safer" and "greener ...

Sulfides, Water pollution. Thallium (Tl) is one of the most toxic trace metals on Earth and can cause both chronic and acute poisoning. Tl is listed by both the United …

(Non-Specific -- Thallium Salts) Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. When heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of chloride and thallium. Thallium(I) chloride is vigorously attacked by cold fluorine. A mixture of potassium and thallous chloride produces a weak explosion on impact. (EPA, 1998)