Rare-earth element - Electronic Structure, Ionic Radius: The chemical, metallurgical, and physical behaviours of the rare earths are governed by the electron configuration of these elements. In general, these elements …

Samarium or Sm is a rare earth element or lanthanide with atomic number 62. Like other elements in the group, it is a shiny metal under ordinary conditions. Here is a collection of interesting samarium facts, including its uses and properties: Samarium Properties, History, and Uses .

These elements were first classified as 'rare earth' due to the fact that obtained by reasonably rare minerals. However, this is can be misleading since the …

The thirty rare earth elements are composed of the lanthanide and actinide series. One element of the lanthanide series and most of the elements in the actinide series are called trans-uranium, which means synthetic or man-made. All of the rare earth metals are found in group 3 of the periodic table, and the 6th and 7th periods.

Rare Earth Elements and their Compounds, John Wiley, 1947.) Ion-exchange chromatography is not of real commercial importance for large-scale pro-duction, but historically it was the method by which fast high-purity separation of the lanthanides first became feasible. As radioactive lanthanide isotopes are important fission

Gadolinium is one of the light rare earth elements belonging to the lanthanide series. Here are some interesting facts about this metal: Gadolinium is silvery, malleable, ductile metal with a metallic sheen. It is fluorescent and tends to have a faintly yellowish tint. Gadolinium, like other rare earth elements, is not found in pure form in nature.

The rare earth elements comprise Sc, Y, and the lanthanide elements (La–Lu). Their physical properties and physicochemical behaviors are determined by the …

The lanthanide elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium ( Z = 21) and yttrium ( Z = 39) in Group IIIB, are often collectively known as rare-earth elements (REEs). Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are considered REEs because they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and show similar chemical properties.

The lanthanide contraction, the identical nature of the outer electronic structure, and the spin–orbit coupling in the rare earths are exploited in a variety of applications. This Quick Study focuses on just two. ... A rare earth in the series from Lu 3+ to La 3+ widens the deviation from 145° to 165° in RNiO 3. As a result, the perovskite ...

Rare earth lanthanides: a difficult separation. In the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in the production of rare earths in Australia, where the US Geological Survey estimates reserves at 3.4 Mt. China is the world's primary source of rare earths, producing 120 kt/year out of a world total of 170 kt/year, and with 44 Mt ...

Rare earth elements as well as Fe, ... For example, A in AB 5 alloys consist mainly of La and other lanthanide rare earth elements or mixed rare earth metals and Ca. In other types of alloys, A is composed of different elements, including Ti, Zr, and Mg. Moreover, in all kinds of alloys, B is Ni, which is often replaced by one or more elements ...

These elements have several names, including the lanthanide series and the rare earth elements. The IUPAC preferred name is actually lanthanoids. Lanthanides Definition . The lanthanides are generally considered to be elements with atomic numbers 58-71 (lanthanum to lutetium). The lanthanide series is the group of elements in which …

Lanthanum (La), chemical element, a rare-earth metal of Group 3 of the periodic table, that is the prototype of the lanthanide series of elements. Lanthanum is a ductile and malleable silvery white metal that is soft enough to be cut with a …

The lanthanide elements or rare earth elements (REEs) are an active soil science research area, given their usage as micro-fertilizers, documented cases of environmental impact attributed to industry/mining, and their ability to identify lithologic discontinuities and reveal active soil processes. To fully understand REEs requires an …

The rare earth elements comprise Sc, Y, and the lanthanide elements (La–Lu). Their physical properties and physicochemical behaviors are determined by the characteristics of their atomic electron layer arrangements (Gschneidner 1990).Several lists in this section give the characteristics of the atomic structure of rare earth elements and …

Cerium is the dominating rare earth in the LREE, whereas Y is the dominant rare earth in the HREE (Binnemans et al. 2013). 3.2.1 Lanthanide Oxides For most lanthanides, the 3+ oxidation state is the …

The elements cerium through lutetium are called the lanthanides, but many scientists also, though incorrectly, call those elements rare earths. The rare earths are generally trivalent elements, …

The application of nanomaterials made of rare earth elements within biomedical sciences continues to make significant progress. The rare earth elements, also called the lanthanides, play an essential role in modern life through materials and electronics. As we learn more about their utility, function, and underlying physics, we can …

Rare earth elements are a group of seventeen chemical elements that occur together in the periodic table (see image). The group consists of yttrium and the 15 lanthanide elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium).

Lanthanide-based Nano particles have shown great potential for use as luminescent materials. The successful use of highly luminescent rare-earth doped Nano particles, combining the various ...

This work showcases the natural diversity of selective lanthanide recognition motifs, and it reveals rare-earth-sensitive dimerization as a biological principle by which to tune the performance of ...

The Lanthanides are rare earth elements of the modern periodic table. It means that the elements with atomic numbers ranging from 58 to 71 follow the element Lanthanum. They are known as the rare earth metals since the occurrence of these elements is minimal (3 × 10-4 % of the Earth's crust). They are found in 'monazite' sand' …

Gadolinium (Gd), chemical element, a rare-earth metal of the lanthanide series of the periodic table. Gadolinium is a moderately ductile, moderately hard, silvery white metal that is fairly stable in air, although with time it tarnishes in air, forming a …

Rare earth elements in WJE003 occurred in a similar environment with the best interval being 2 m @ 0.16% La, 0.32% Ce and 129 ppm Y from 759 m down-hole 94. ... The Mount Weld deposit is …

Researchers have estimated that acid drainage from mines in Pennsylvania and West ia alone could supply up to 3,400 metric tons (t) of rare earth elements per year (Min., Metall. Explor ...

The recent discovery of a lanthanide (Ln) cation in the active site of the XoxF dehydrogenase represents the only example of a rare-earth element in a physiol. role. Herein, we report the first synthetic, functional model of Ln-dependent dehydrogenase and its stoichiometric and catalytic dehydrogenation of a benzyl alc. DFT calcns. implicate a ...

It also lends its name to the first lanthanide on our list — cerium. Scientists found cerium in 1803, and while it only makes up 0.0046% of the Earth's crust, it is still the most abundant of the rare earth elements on the planet. It is incredibly soft, easily scratched with metal tools and objects, but has several limited applications.

Technologically critical rare-earth elements are notoriously difficult to separate, owing to their subtle differences in ionic radius and coordination number1–3. The natural lanthanide-binding ...

This special issue covers a series of cutting-edge works on exploring novel rare earth luminescent materials, including lanthanide ions doped phosphors, persistent luminescent materials ...