Point clouds were obtained with laser scanning and photogrammetry techniques and were combined to detect different types of defects on ashlar masonry walls by using machine learning classification based on geometry and colour information [49]. U-net [27] was used for brick segmentation in masonry walls [50].

Schoefs et al. applied a new type of laser interferometer non-contact robot and released the IE to detect the pipe cavity in a reinforced concrete wall, which confirmed that upon performing the detection near the cavity defect, the peak frequency of IE decreases with the effective reduction of penetration thickness and section stiffness.

June 20, 2023. Corrosion is a natural process that occurs when the steel rebar within reinforced concrete structures rusts. In scientific terms, concrete corrosion is the "destruction of metal by chemical, electrochemical, and electrolytic reactions within its environment.". It typically forms as the concrete ages.

Using GPR, the defects information of concrete can be inferred from received electromagnetic wave signals with different frequencies [24]. Nevertheless, the steel members in reinforced concrete ...

Condition monitoring aims to detect the machine's incipient defect and assess its health condition by exploiting signals observed by various transducers. Coding …

This paper develops a new machine vision framework for efficient detection and classification of manufacturing defects in metal boxes. Previous techniques, which are based on either visual inspection or on hand-crafted features, are both inaccurate and time consuming. In this paper, we show that by using autoencoder deep neural network …

The finished masonry surface has been inspected using a longwave thermal camera to detect several defects. The temperature profiles have been drawn for a defect with the time (24 h.). ... Schlichting J (2010) Active thermography for evaluation of reinforced concrete structures. In: Non-destructive evaluation of reinforced concrete …

The machine vision-based defect-detection methods are suitable for the detection of surface defects in products, which has achieved up to 88.60% accuracy in binary defect-detection problems [ 108

All the recognised defects and thermal anomalies are labelled on the building facade for comprehensive evaluation of the asset. This paper reports that the implementation of AI-powered inspections ...

Defect detection in manufacturing can benefit from machine learning (ML) and computer vision (CV) to reduce operational costs, improve time to market, and increase productivity, quality, and safety. According to McKinsey, the "benefits of defect detection and other Industry 4.0 applications are estimated to create a potential value of $3.7 …

A reinforced concrete slab 500 × 500 × 175 mm was prepared for the experiment. A Styro of size 142 × 142 × 5 mm was used in center of slab to mimic the internal defect as its thermal conductivity is very close to air. (air: 0.0241 W/m o C, Styro: 0.033 W/m o C) .

In general terms, the NDTs used in concrete and reinforced concrete structures are mainly used to detect discontinuities in the concrete structure. In addition to the methods already well known and …

Conventional practices of bridge visual inspection present several limitations, including a tedious process of analyzing images manually to identify potential damages. Vision-based techniques, …

Half-cell potential (HCP) tests are the most widely used technique for measuring the likelihood of corrosion in reinforced concrete [3]. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is also a popular technology used in the condition assessment of reinforced concrete structures [4]. It can detect several types of defects, e.g., delamination, …

A real time system fusing data from vision and laser sensors to detect and classify types of defects in brick masonry is presented. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is conceived and used to develop a Defect Finding Classification Model (DFCM) to automatically classify the types of defects found in masonry walls using the image …

2.1 Voids and porosity. Voids are the most studied type of manufacturing defects due to their easy formation during the fabrication of FRPCs. The definition of voids is areas filled with trapped air or other volatiles released during curing (Park and Seo, 2011; Heslehurst, 2014).In modern composite manufacturing processes such as out-of …

Finally, a reinforced concrete specimen with a 1 cm gap in the center was detected. The sensor module (with an amplifier and low pass filter circuits) could determine the gap even at 50 cm, suggesting that MTJ sensors have the potential to detect defects at high lift-off values and have a promising future in the field of NDT.

Damage to reinforced concrete (RC) facilities occurs through the process of natural deterioration. Machine learning can be employed to effectively identify various …

Each defect (i.e., cracking, spalling, or vegetation) was classified separately. Kalfarisi et al. [24] used Mask-RCNN and FRCNN-FED to detect bounding boxes that contain cracks on structures and performed pixel-wise segmentation within the detected areas. Furthermore, they transferred the segmented locations to a 3D reality-mesh object ...

Active thermography for evaluation of reinforced concrete structures. C. Maierhofer, ... J. Schlichting, in Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Non-Destructive Testing Methods, 2010 17.6.5 Characterization of cracks. Crack detection in concrete can be easily performed by using water for contrast enhancement. The surfaces …

Reinforced concrete is of vital importance in many civil and industrial structural applications. The effective bonding between steel and concrete is the core guarantee of the safe operation of the structures. Corrosion or other interface debonding in steel-concrete is a typical failure mode during the long service period of the structures, …

Infrastructure, such as buildings, bridges, pavement, etc., needs to be examined periodically to maintain its reliability and structural health. Visual signs of cracks and depressions indicate stress and wear and tear over time, leading to failure/collapse if these cracks are located at critical locations, such as in load-bearing joints. Manual …

The computer-vision-based surface defect detection of metal planar materials is a research hotspot in the field of metallurgical industry. The high standard of planar surface quality in the metal manufacturing industry requires that the performance of an automated visual inspection system and its algorithms are constantly improved. This …

Buildings and infrastructure in congested metropolitan areas are continuously deteriorating. Various structural flaws such as surface cracks, spalling, delamination, and other defects are found, and keep on progressing. Traditionally, the assessment and inspection is conducted by humans; however, due to human physiology, the assessment …

Fig. 1 depicts an overview of the methodological framework used for automated inspection of the concrete structures. The inspection begins with the procedure of collecting data at test sites using a tailor-made mobile data collection platform (Stage I). Next, the image data are processed for defect classification (Stage II) and the LiDAR …

Arbaoui et al. [17] proposed a methodology for the detection and monitoring of concrete cracks in a concrete material sample and specimen using deep learning-based multi-resolution analysis. Jang ...

Detection of defects including cracks and spalls on wall surface in high-rise buildings is a crucial task of buildings’ maintenance. If left undetected and untreated, these defects can significantly affect the …

Damage to reinforced concrete (RC) facilities occurs through the process of natural deterioration. Machine learning can be employed to effectively identify various damage areas and ensure safety. The performance of machine vision methods depends on image quality. In this study, five image types (Types I–V) with combinations of image …

Adhesively bonded composite reinforcements have been increasingly used in civil engineering since the 1980s. They depend on the effective transfer of forces throughout the adhesive joint that may be …