The effects of ore type, feed size distribution, circuit configuration (open or closed-circuit and two-stage or single-stage), mode of grinding (AG or SAG), ball load, use of pebble crushing as ...

Common convention generally refers to high-aspect ratio mills as SAG mills (with diameter to effective grinding length ratios of 3:1 to 1:1), low-aspect ratio mills …

As one of the machines widely used in mining, a semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill can significantly improve the roughing efficiency of rock. But the SAG mill still faces the obstacles of significant energy consumption and empirical operation parameters. In order to obtain the optimal operation parameters of a SAG mill, in this paper, the …

mill size, speed, charge, charge level, type, size of grinding media, expected service life, and – of course – ore size and properties, such as hardness and abrasiveness. SAG mill A SAG mill is usually a primary mill for grinding coarse ore directly from the crushed stockpile. Such application requires a more aggressive liner

in Table1(photographs of the feed size fractions are provided in the Supplementary Document). Grinding was performed for the different mill feed size fractions using a laboratory-based AG/SAG mill (30 cm diameter to 15 cm length) connected to an acoustic sensor system [microphone and preamplifier (PreSonus—AudioBox iOne)] and …

Primary, coarse grinding (up to 400 mm feed size) Grinding media is grinding feed; High capacity (short retention time) Sensitive to feed composition (critical size material) Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) Mill. Wet or dry; Higher capacity than A-G mill grinding; Primary, coarse grinding (up to 400 mm feed size) Grinding media is grinding feed ...

steady-state is desirable in a grinding test, because harder components may build up over time. For AG/SAG mills, this may result in a critical size build-up and associated throughput losses. The importance of steady-state testing increases with the ore heterogeneity. On the other hand, the batch tests (e.g. Mod Bond, SPI®, SMC Test®) generally

Particularly for the Antamina case, a correlation was obtained, derived from measurements and data analysis, indicating that finer M4/M4A topsize and F80 mill feed gives higher SAG mill throughput ...

In combination with a large copper mine in China φ 11.0 m × The actual application of the 5.4m SAG mill barrel liner, the liner structure is improved and optimized to improve the grinding ...

Due to the size of SAG mills, pilot plants are usually used for research purposes to improve ... Schematic representation of a SAG mill. (1) Mill. (2) Grinding Chamber. (3) Internal classifier . ... fi* (t/h), is obtained by adding the mill feed flow rate, fi (t/h), to the internal recirculation flow rate (Fig. 2.): ** f = f +c p (12) ii ii

Defining the charge weight and height for fully autogenous grinding mill requires allowance for the ore specific gravity (and its variations) and accounting for the water content and the fine ore which will fill the interstitial spaces between the large ore pieces. This charge weight is usually calculated for the percent …

Ore feed a a a a Water feed a a a a Mill speed a Mill size a Model predictive control on a SAG mill and ball mills The solution for the SAG Mill is an adaptive controller which controls mill load using direct mill weight measurement or indirectly from bearing oil pressure. The solution automatically controls

7.0 m length (190) single SAG mill equipped with a 20 MW electric motor. The SAG mill product flows to two 3.6 m (120) by 7.3 m (240) horizontal screens, whose combined oversize (pebbles) is diverted to two MP 800 cone crushers. The crushed product returns to the SAG mill feed, closing the primary grinding circuit. The horizontal …

Tracking the mill performance showed that the mill power consumption decreased from 9.49 to 6.63 kWh/t (a nearly 30% reduction), P80 of the mill product decreased from 611 to 355μm, and the mill ...

SAG mills are the largest tumbling mills used for primary grinding in mineral processing, using a coarse feed (typically up to 250 mm diameter rock) coming from a crushing stage of the grinding circuit [8]. ... feed size, feed hardness and water addition [2,3]. In this work, an analytical solution for their dynamic model of tumbling mills has ...

Mill Weight Power Top Size Figure 4: Feed Top Size vs. SAG Mill Performance 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500 10000 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 kW …

2.1 SAG mill model The particles fed to the mill are ground in the milling chamber and subsequently downloaded into the discharge zone, where, according to a classification probability, they are either returned to the milling chamber for further grinding or become part of the mill output stream.

Tracking the mill performance showed that the mill power consumption decreased from 9.49 to 6.63 kWh/t (a nearly 30% reduction), P 80 of the mill product decreased from 611 to 355 μm, and the mill fresh feed flow rate increased from 511 to 521 t/h by decreasing the feed ore hardness from 112 min to 58 min based on SAG power …

In addition to high impact SAG mill grinding, media is used in other types of milling such as the finer grind of ball mills, tower mills, vibration mills and regrind mills. Many variables influence the size reduction …

A total of 120 t of Cristalino ore was prepared and sent to CIMM, where it was crushed and screened prior to grinding tests. The processing equipment included a 1.83 m (8′) diameter by 0.61 m (2′) …

This paper discusses inferential measurement models for semiautogenous grinding (SAG) mills. Inferential measurements of SAG mill discharge and feed streams and mill rock and ball charge levels are obtained utilising process measurements and recognised process simulation models. Inferential models of recirculating load and …

The Current Wear of the Cylinder Liner Structure. The data of this research comes from the SAG mill (8.53 m × 3.96 m) used in the SABC grinding process of a concentrator in Anhui, China. This SAG mill adopts two L-shaped high and low liners arranged back to back, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1.

It was found that the initially selected SAG mills (Φ10.67 m × 5.33 m and Φ10.36 m × 5.18 m) were too big as the mill charges were 21.81% and 23.42%, respectively, in the first two modellings. The third SAG mill option with a size of Φ10.06 m × 5.03 m was quite suitable as the mill charging was 25.25% with a cycling charge of 6.17%.

Pre-concentration of SAG Mill Feed using High Voltage Pulses – Potential Applications and Challenges Frank Shi Session 4: Test Work and Ore Characterization - SAG Mills ... Optimisation of Secondary Grinding, using Pebble Size, Mill Filling and Mill Speed Brian Loveday Implementation of Advanced Grinding Circuit Control at First …

respect with SAG mills being increasingly less sensitive as the ball charge is increased (Morrel S and Valery W, 2001). 2.2. EFFECT OF FEED SIZE DISTRIBUTION ON SAG MILLING The qualitative effect of changes in particle size distributions (PSD) on the SAG mill performance can be addressed by using the grind curves.

Semi-autogenous (SAG) mills are widely used grinding equipment, but some ore with critical particle sizes cannot be effectively processed by SAG mills and turned into pebbles. This research aims to analyze and compare the properties of raw ore and pebbles from a zinc- and tin-bearing ore. The results show that the contents of …

Section snippets Model validation. To test the validity of the model data from 21 different full-scale AG/SAG mill circuits were used. The data comprised mill dimensions, grate design, mill speed, throughput, feed size distribution, product size distribution, power draw, ball load, ball size, normal operating load level and rock breakage characteristics …

The internal workings of an AG/SAG mill are difficult to visualise and capture in real time because the shell of the mill is opaque, and the grinding environment is aggressive [11] [12][13][14 ...

S.P. Asprey. N.F. Thornhill. This paper discusses inferential measurement models for semiautogenous grinding (SAG) mills. Inferential measurements of SAG mill discharge and feed streams and mill ...

Ball mill： Ball mills are the most widely used one. Rod mill： The rod mill has the highest efficiency when the feed size is <30mm and the discharge size is about 3mm with uniform particle size and light overcrushing phenomenon. SAG mill: When the weight of the SAG mill is more than 75%, the output is high and the energy consumption …