Purpose of Review This review is focused on the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons (as representative of persistent pollutants) from soil by soil-washing techniques, paying special attention to the application of electrochemically assisted technologies for the treatment of the liquids and gases produced during this treatment. It …

The surface tension of water could be reduced to 32 mN/m. The CMC was 32.5 mg/L. The lipopeptide was stable under wide pH (2–12), temperature (30–90°C), and salinity (2–10%) ranges. Soil washing tests showed the ability to remove hydrocarbon contaminants from both water and soil. The suitability for MEOR was also indicated.

Cadmium, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn removal via soil flushing with tannic acid (TA) as a plant biosurfactant was studied. The soil was treated for 30 h in a column reactor at a constant TA concentration and pH (3%, pH 4) and at variable TA flow rates (0.5 mL/min or 1 mL/min). In the soil leachates, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved organic …

Sustainable remediation technology for detoxing soil. Cleaning up contaminated soil is essential to protect human health and the environment. The ReSoil soil-washing solution cost-effectively removes …

Soil with heavy metals' contamination has caused worldwide concern, and there is an increasing interest in the application of washing agents for the remediation of soils with heavy metals' contamination. The review summarizes the recent findings about soil washing with different washing agents. For soil washing technologies, the …

It was found that ultrasonic soil washing was more effective than conventional soil washing in terms of washing efficiency, consumption of washing agents, treatment of washing leachate, and operation time. Photolytic and sonolytic processes, such as the post-treatment of washing leachate consisting of organic solvent …

In this work, the efficiency of conventional soil washing performance was enhanced by 12-25% through the incorporation of air bubbles into the low concentration surfactant soil washing system. Surfactant selection pre-experiment using aerated and conventional soil washing reveals Brij 35 > TX100 > Tween 80 > Saponin in diesel oil …

Soil remediation is an important practice in the restoration of heavy metal-contaminated soils and reduce the heavy metal exposure of the local population. Here, we investigated the effect of an ex-situ soil washing technique, based on ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent, on a contaminated …

Global governance of soil resources as well as revitalizations and remediation of degraded areas seem to be necessary actions for sustainable development. A great deal of effort has gone into developing remediation technologies to remove or reduce the impact of these contaminants in the environment. However, contaminated …

Leak of fuels and lubricants occurring during exploration, distribution, refining and storage operations is the major cause of environmental pollution due to petroderivatives dispersion. The quick use of a series of physicochemical and biological techniques is needed to drastically reduce the magnitude of damage provoked by these pollutants. …

Soil washing is a well-developed technology for the clean up of heavy metal(loid)s in contaminated soils. The assisted methods mentioned above are reported …

In Korea, for heavy metal-contaminated soil, there are insufficient basic data as well as field application cases for soil washing. This study was conducted to suggest the significant factors and optimal operation conditions for the maximum heavy metal removal efficiency. Five types of washing solution [acid solution (HCl), citric acid, oxalic acid, …

Finally, the removal of PCBs in an organic solvent (methanol) was investigated in photolytic and sonolytic processes for the post-treatment of soil washing leachate. A photolysis efficiency of 80% was obtained within 60 min of UV exposure for intensities of 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 W/cm 2. The primary mechanism of PCBs degradation is photolytic ...

Screening of OCA-DES. The removal efficiency of Cd by Ch-Cl (50 mM) was only 2.20% (Fig. 1).Since the molecular structure of Ch-Cl does not contain groups with strong Cd chelating ability and H + capable of ion exchange with metals in the soil, it is evident that Ch-Cl is unreliable as a chemical washing agent alone. The four organic …

For soil washing under standard conditions (L/S = 10, 72 h of washing, 150 rpm), a TPH removal efficiency of 68.9% ± 2.7% for Tween 80 and 92.2% ± 1.6% for SDS was obtained. Please note that …

Soil contaminated with diesel fuel is a hazard to the environment and people; therefore, it needs to be remediated. Soil washing enhanced with Tween 80 (TW80), non-toxic and non-ionic surfactant, can effectively remove diesel from contaminated soils. In this study, the effects of 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% (v/v) [TW80] concentrations; 0% ...

A total of 450,000 tons of lindane was utilized globally between 1950 and 2000 period mainly by Europe (63%) followed by Asia (17%), and the United States. ... which could be a limiting step to the soil washing technique. The efficiency of the process could be enhanced by the application of. Conclusion.

The EKF effectively improved the washing efficiency of soil metals . However, optimization of electro-kinetic parameters such as electro-kinetic field, stimulation duration, electrode materials and electrode configuration need further investigation for the practical design and field application.

In all the washing tests, the diesel removal efficiencies in soil with 15% bentonite and 0.1% [TW80] were lower than those in soil with 15% bentonite and water because of adsorption.

Soil washing is widely considered as a common method of soil remediation. This study examined the developments in soil washing during the past 20 years via a bibliometric and systematic critical review. Different washing agents (inorganic and organic chelating agents and surfactants) exhibit different effects and mechanisms under varying …

@article{osti_426582, title = {Soil-washing technologies in Europe}, author = {Runge, H and Schmidt, D}, abstractNote = {Soil near nuclear installations is sometimes found to be contaminated by radioactive elements. In addition, due to the increasing number of decommissioning projects, there is also an increasing need for the remediation of …

In comparison with other remediation approaches, soil washing is an efficient way of treating metal-polluted soil since it can permanently and swiftly extract metals from the soil [17,18]. Serafimovska et al. [ 19 ] applied a four-step sequential extraction procedure (BCR) to analyze the species composition of Sb in soil …

The effect of retention time on soil washing depends on various factors, such as the type of contaminants present in the soil, the type of washing solution used, and the soil properties. Increasing retention time can improve the efficiency of soil washing by allowing more time for the contaminants to dissolve or desorb from the soil particles ...

In order to check the indices at various levels of metal contamination and different remediation efficiency, all indices were calculated for: (1) soil of different degree of contamination by...

Soil washing is a useful remedial technique for arsenic (As)-contaminated sites because of its relatively short time and high efficiency in reducing As in soil compared to other common techniques (Han and Shin 2008; Moon et al. 2011).

In Europe, there are ... Soil washing can drastically reduce contaminant concentrations and return the soil to below the threshold of regulatory environmental standards. Typically, the soil has to be screened first to remove the less contaminated coarse particles. ... (adsorption capacity 14 mg g −1), and the removal efficiency of …

The washing conditions that achieved the highest cesium removal efficiency (81.3%) in field soil contaminated at 1.47 mg/kg were determined to be the following: a potassium concentration of 1 M, a ...

Surfactant-enhanced soil washing has been used for remediation of organic pollutants for an extended period, but its effectiveness and wide application was limited by the high concentration …

With high treatment efficiency and reasonable cost (46 – 250 USD per metric ton), soil washing has been widely applied for dioxin-contaminated soil. However, the …

The discussion focuses on the status of soil washing systems employed in the US, Europe, and Canada (Table 1). Soil washing based on physical separation (SW–PS) is more employed than processes that use chemical extraction (SW–CE). Chemical extraction is more expensive ($ 358–1717 m −3) compared to physical …